What Is the EDI 856?
The EDI 856 Advance Ship Notice is a critical document that tells the buyer exactly what was shipped, how it's packed, and when to expect delivery. The ASN enables receiving automation - warehouses use it to pre-plan receiving, validate shipments, and process goods faster.
Hierarchical Structure
The 856 uses a unique hierarchical loop (HL) structure to describe the shipment from the top down:
- Shipment level - Carrier, tracking numbers, ship date, estimated delivery.
- Order level - Purchase order reference and order-level details.
- Tare level - Pallet or container packaging information.
- Pack level - Case/carton details with quantities.
- Item level - Individual SKUs with UPCs, quantities, and lot numbers.
Why ASN Accuracy Matters
ASN errors are among the most common causes of retail chargebacks. Late ASNs, missing carton contents, incorrect UPCs, and mismatched quantities all trigger penalties.
- Walmart charges $2-$3 per case for late or missing ASNs.
- Target requires ASNs before the carrier picks up the shipment.
- Amazon deducts vendor scorecard points for ASN inaccuracies.
- GS1-128 label data must match ASN contents exactly.